281 papers
Molecular biology explores the tiny machinery inside living cells, revealing how genetic instructions are read, copied, and turned into the proteins that keep us alive. This field acts as a bridge between the static code of DNA and the dynamic processes that drive growth, disease, and life itself, offering insights into everything from cellular repair to the development of new medicines.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category to make these complex discoveries accessible to everyone. Our team processes each submission to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense academic jargon.
Below are the latest molecular biology papers freshly processed from bioRxiv, ready for you to explore and understand.
Using nanoscale imaging, this study reveals that FUS and TAF15 functionally compensate for the loss of EWSR1 by reorganizing into a similar ribonucleoprotein network to safeguard nascent RNA levels and cellular metabolic activity, highlighting critical functional redundancy within the FET protein family.
This study reveals that Muscleblind-like (MBNL) proteins dimerize via intermolecular disulfide bonds to regulate alternative splicing and maintain the structural integrity of pathogenic RNA foci in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1.
This study identifies a conserved, transcriptionally quiescent yet functionally mature cellular state characterized by low gene complexity across diverse human tissues, which is often overlooked by standard single-cell analysis but plays a critical role in tissue maintenance and declines with aging.
By combining statistical analysis of 14,000 SNARE transmembrane domains with molecular dynamics simulations, this study reveals that distinct amino acid compositions—specifically bulky phenylalanine in early secretory pathways versus smaller isoleucine in late pathways—have evolved to optimize protein anchoring within the unique biophysical environments of different eukaryotic membranes.
This study provides evidence that the "transertion" mechanism, which couples transcription and translation to physically shift genes from the nucleoid to the plasma membrane, also occurs in the Gram-positive bacterium *Bacillus subtilis*, suggesting conserved principles of cellular regulation across bacterial types.
ProAR introduces a probabilistic autoregressive framework with a dual-network system and anti-drifting sampling strategy to generate flexible, long-length molecular dynamics trajectories that better capture time-dependent conformational diversity and reduce reconstruction errors compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.
This study reveals that ATM safeguards DNA replication by preventing aberrant PRIMPOL-dependent repriming at spontaneous oxidative base lesions, and its absence creates replication gaps that require homologous recombination for repair, thereby driving synthetic lethality with PARP inhibitors.
This study reveals that free-roaming dogs and diverse rodent species in rural Tha Wang Pha, Thailand, serve as reservoirs for multiple pathogenic *Leptospira* species, including the first confirmed detection of *L. weilii* in Thai rodents, highlighting a complex transmission cycle that bridges animal habitats and human settlements and underscores the need for integrated One Health surveillance.
This study demonstrates that while native codon sequences are generally sufficient for robust mammalian glycoprotein expression, a skewed codon strategy utilizing the most abundant codons can occasionally enhance yields, all evaluated using a newly developed open-source Golden Gate compatible vector called pTipi.
This study utilizes single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the cellular heterogeneity of the ISE6 tick cell line and reveals that Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis infection induces time-dependent transcriptional shifts, initially upregulating stress and metabolic pathways before downregulating cell cycle and cytoskeletal genes, thereby confirming the cell line's utility for studying tick-pathogen interactions.